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Panama
GEOGRAPHY
Size: Approximately 77,082 square kilometers. ... Lowest elevations at waist of country where it is crossed by Panama Canal. Most of population concentrated on Pacific side of divide southwestward from Panama City. ...
Panama
SOCIETY
Population: In mid-1987 population estimated at 2. ... Education free at public primary, secondary, and high schools; nominal tuition at University of Panama. ...
Panama
ECONOMY
Gross Domestic Product (GDP): US$4. ... Beginning in June 1987, however, extensive capital flight, bank closures, and cutoffs of United States aid as a result of the volatile political situation posed serious short- and long-term financial problems for Panama. ...
Panama
GOVERNMENT AND POLITICS
Government: Executive--under provisions of 1972 Constitution, as amended in 1978 and 1983, chief executive is president of the republic, assisted by two vice presidents, all elected by popular vote for five-year terms. In late 1980s, de facto executive authority remained, however, in hands of commander of Panama Defense Forces (Fuerzas de Defensa de Panamá--FDP). ...
International Relations: Traditionally dominated by bilateral relations with United States; special relationship created by 1977 Panama Canal treaties continued to be most important aspect of foreign relations in late 1980s. ... Following negotiation of Panama Canal treaties, Panama has given more attention to other commercial and trade relations and especially to the Central American peace process.
International Agreements and Membership: The country is party to Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (Rio Treaty) and Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (Tlatelolco Treaty) and is bound by provisions of Panama Canal treaties. ...
Panama
Chapter 1. ...
A century before the English settled Massachusetts Bay, Panama was the crossroads and marketplace of the great Spanish Empire, the third richest colony of the New World. In the seventeenth century, however, the thriving colony fell prey to buccaneers of the growing English Empire, and Panama entered a period of decline and neglect that lasted until gold was discovered in California.
The geopolitical significance of Panama has been recognized since the early 1500s, when the Spanish monarchs considered digging a canal across the isthmus. ... In 1879 a French company under the direction of Ferdinand de Lesseps, builder of the Suez Canal, began constructing a canal in Panama. ... In addition to the geographic advantages of the isthmus, President Theodore Roosevelt was attracted by the separatist tendencies of Panama, then a department of Colombia. When Panama rebelled against Colombia in 1903, Roosevelt deployed United States naval vessels to discourage the Colombian forces and proudly claimed the role of midwife at the birth of the Republic of Panama.
Since its completion in 1914, the Panama Canal has been Panamas economic base, and the United States presence has been the republics major source of frustration. The provisions of the treaty concluded in 1903 between John Hay and Philippe BunauVarilla (the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty) granted the Canal Zone "in perpetuity" to the United States and made Panama a virtual protectorate of the United States. ...
In negotiating new Panama Canal treaties, Torrijos, like other leaders before him, walked the tightrope of taking a strong stand on the issue to maintain popular support, while keeping popular frustrations within controllable limits and without appearing so militant as to alarm the United States. ... Observers attributed the decline in support to a variety of factors, including severe economic problems that led to backtracking on social programs, opposition among Panamanians to the 1977 Panama Canal treaties, and the very "democratization" process that Torrijos initiated to gain United States support for the canal treaties.
In October 1978, the 1972 Constitution had been reformed to allow the legalization of political parties, and exiled political leaders were permitted to return to Panama. ... Torrijoss shocking, sudden death in an airplane crash in July 1981 created a power vacuum in Panama. ... Noriega successfully transformed the National Guard into the far larger Panama Defense Forces (Fuerzas de Defensa de Panamá--FDP), a formidable power base for his increasing political control.
Culture Grams:::
Capital City: Panama City
Population: 2,882,329
Area: 30,193 square miles (78,200 sq km)
Human Dev. ... panama-information.executivehotel-panama.com
Panama Economy: overview and statistics
Panamas economy is based primarily on a well-developed services sector that accounts for three-fourths of GDP. Services include the Panama Canal, banking, the Colon Free Zone, insurance, container ports, flagship registry, and tourism. ...
Economy of Panama: Key statistics
Unemployment
13% (2000)
Inflation Rate
1% (2000)
Industries
Construction, petroleum refining, brewing, cement and other construction materials, sugar milling. ... 1 million (1995)
Fiscal Year:
The Calendar year
Panama History - A Brief Overview
Panamas history has been shaped by its strategic location between the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean. ... Panama City, on the Pacific coast, thrived as Spain conquered and plundered Peru. Caravans loaded with gold traveled overland across the narrow isthmus from Panama City to be loaded on galleons bound for Spain. ...
Panama Canal History
The history of the Panama Canal is fascinating. ... When Panama declared its independence from Colombia in November 1903, U. ... president Theodore Roosevelts "Panama Doctrine" began with the eradication of mosquitoes, which carried malaria and yellow fever. The Panama Canal was completed in 1914 and has remained an important shipping route ever since.
Approximate Word count = 4288
Approximate Pages = 17.2
(250 words per page double spaced)
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