Roman army
...ce. A legion consisted of 5,600 men. This was lead by the legionary commander. Here is a picture of a legionary in the 1st century BC with some of his equipment. Each legionary carried around 30 kg including the following: a shield, (scutum,) a sword, (gladius,) and a javelin, (pilum.) They also carried a pickaxe a turf-cutter, a trenching tool, a jar, a bowl, a bedding roll and a bag containing their personal belongings. When attacked from above, the Roman soldiers bunched together and formed this formation, called a testudo (tortoise) using their shields (scutum.) Allegedly, this formation was so strong that a chariot could be driven over it. The cuirass, (lorica,) worn by the Roman soldiers was a modified version of the Greek Armour and there are three versions: lorica squamata, a leather backing with bronze scales on it; lorica hamata, made o...