Restoration of British Parliament
... produced was .028 moles. The experimental mole ratio of NaCl to NaHCO3 was 1:1. The theoretical yield of NaCl was 1.65 g NaCl and the percent yield of NaCl was 85.196 % NaCl. These numbers explain exactly how much of each reactant and product were used/produced in the reaction. The balanced equation used to help figure out those numbers is: NaHCO3 (s) + HCL (l) àNaCl (s) + H2CO3 H2CO3 à H2O(l) + CO2 (g). In the experiment, HCL was slowly added to NaHCO3 into the dish and covered with the watch glass. The mixture was then slowly heated until only a white residue remained. The heating evaporated the HCL, yielding NaCl and H2CO3. The NaCl was formed by a double reaction; Sodium chloride and carbonic acid were formed from hydrochloric acid and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate). The H2CO3 further breaks down to yield H2O and CO2. We can see all this by looking at the balanced equation. Sometimes in an experiment, your outcome might not be what you expected to get, and the most common reason for this is human error. For example, 2.38 g of baking soda was used in the experiment, instead of 2 or 3 grams. This might have been a limited factor in the reaction. The watch glass was supposed to be placed on the dish concave side up when heating; since the glass was placed concave side down, this might have hindered the heating process, making it take longer for the liquids to evaporate, therefore altering the results. Another example of human error would be not having exactly 15 ml of HCL added to the baking soda. If more or less HCL was added, this could alter the results by changing the ratio of baking soda to acid, causing the results to be altered. If the dish was kept in the flame for too long and the product was burned or scorched, this would have changed the outcome because an extra chemical reaction would’ve taken place. Another human error that could effect the results was that, due to a time constraint, the dish remained in the flame for a longer period of ...