Nobel and Pulitzer Prize
... most distinguished literary work of an idealist's nature, and the last was for the most effective work in the interest of international peace. Nobel decided that there would be several organizations that would choose the winners. The Royal Academy of Science chose the winner of physics. The Caroline Institute chose the winner of medicine. The Swedish Academy of Literature chose the winner of literature. And a committee, elected by the Norwegian Storting, chose the prize for peace. Nobel wanted the peace prize to always be awarded in Oslo. When deciding on the nominee, the candidates may not apply for the prize, they must be nominated by a qualified person. But, for the literary prize, the Swedish Academy will only consider a person's work if it has appeared in print and has been examined by experts. They will usually select an author on the basis of their life's work and not on a single book. There is a board of directors that will administer the funds. The funds are given out on December 10, which is the anniversary of Alfred Nobel. Occasionally two or more persons may share a prize and sometimes a prize may not even be awarded until years later. The French have won the most prizes in the field literature. Some winners were Winston Churchill for his essays, novels, and historical writings and another was William Faulkner for his novels. The Pulitzer Prize was an award given to a person, who's work best presents the whole atmosphere of American life and the highest standard of American manners and manhood. American, Joseph Pulitzer established the Pulitzer Prize. As a spokesman for democracy, Pulitzer was a journalist who supported labor, attacked trusts and monopolies, and revealed political corruption. He worked to raise the profession of journalism. After the Civil War he worked as a reporter and later acquired his own paper, the "Westliche Post". After Pulitzer died on October 29, 1911, it was not until then that the Pulitzer Prize was discovered. Through his will, he established the Columbia University School of Journalism and the "Pulitzer Prize" for literature, drama, music, and journalism. Originally the Pulitzer Prize awarded the winner $500,000, but it took years for the prize to make an impact on the public. By the 1920's, the award in journalism was g...