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...ytosine (C), and guanine (G). The adenine pairs up with the thymine and the cytosine pairs up with the guanine. These four bases can be refer to the letters of an alphabet and consider this the alphabet of life. We can take these nucleotides and put them into a sequence. For example, if we can take the sequence GATATCGAC, we can refer to it as a word. A longer sequence can be referred to as a set of words making a sentence, or gene, which describes how to build a protein. And an even longer sequence of DNA could contain information about when proteins should be made. So basically these sequences, or sentences, serve as a description or blueprint for humans, animals, plants, etc. Certainly the details are much more complex than that. In actual fact, the active stretches of DNA must be copied as a similar message molecule call RNA. The sequences in the RNA must then be read to produce the proteins which are also a set of words made from the amino acid alphabet. So the basic idea is that the DNA code turns into an RNA message that has the ability to organize 20 amino acids into a complex protein (DNA to RNA to Protein). To figure out how this whole concept comes together, consider the trait for blonde hair. DNA for a blonde-hair gene is copied as a blonde-hair RNA message. This message is then translated into the blonde-hair protein pigments found in the cells for your hair. For every trait we have, there is a gene or group of genes that controls the trait by producing the message, then the protein. This a...