Colonial India and Africa
...n civilians. This cannot be viewed as heartlessness for the Indian civilians from the colonists, however. The high levels of illness and death among European troops in India placed pressure on the military to improve health and sanitation conditions. (Arnold, 65) There was significant pressure from Europe to improve conditions for the Europeans in India, but there were simply insufficient resources for providing that same level of medical and sanitation improvements for the entirety of India. (Arnold, 66) The medical situation in colonial Africa has a somewhat different history. The primary medical concern within colonial Africa revolved around Malaria. The colonists opted for segregation to avoid disease. Urban segregation already had a strong history in that time as a device to avoid disease. (Curtin, 237) Malaria seemed to be associated with the native Africans and the places where they lived, so the colonists segregated themselves, and lived in other areas, and forbade natives to move to these areas. A relationship between malaria and the lowlands was also identified. The segregated colonist settlements, therefore, were developed in areas of high elevation. In the late 1800’s and early 1900’s, a direct relationship was made between malaria and mosquitoes, as well as between mosquitoes and native Africans. Upon the advent of these developments, many new ideas came about to address the Malaria problem....