Chinese Management Cultures
...stand each other’s differences that we can try to arrive at management styles and methods that can bridge different cultures and be effective. Chinese business culture, as well as Chinese social culture, is founded on the ideals of Confucianism. Confucianism developed from the teachings of Confucius and his disciples, with the four basic ideals being tradition, order, diligence, and frugality. These ideals are taught through schools, festivals, and stories. Confucianism is concerned with the principles of good conduct, practical wisdom, and proper social relationships. The five rules of Li, which determine proper relationships, are subject to ruler, young to old, son to father, younger brother to older brother, and wife to husband. Confucianism has influenced the Chinese attitude toward life, set the patterns of living and standards of social value, and provided the background for Chinese political theories and institutions. Collectivism and harmony, which mirror Confucian ideals, are stressed in the Chinese business culture. Most businesses are small organizations which are often family owned. This means that the decision making is usually in the hands of one dominant family member, with very low profile businesses that are extremely cost-conscious. The intimacy that this structure calls for creates networking that is based on personal relationships; therefore one must make friends with their business associates. The four major dominating factors of Chinese management tie in with Confucianism and collectivism. The first is kinship, and this means having a good relationship with your co-workers. The second are interpersonal connections, which create a business atmosphere that runs smoothly. Thirdly, we have respect, which I believe needs no further expla...