17th century
... months before departing for China. He arrived at Sancian an island not far from Canton, but died there. The missions in Oceania, was also a vast numbers of conversions. The Franciscans and Jesuits, both of whom accompanied the Spanish conquerors in Central and South America, were the most important orders in Mexico and in the Spanish territories that later became part of the United States--Florida, California, and the Southwest. Roman Catholic missions were, and are, overseen by the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith (founded 1622), known as the Propaganda, which was set up to settle disputes between rival missionary orders. There was also Protestant missionaries such as John Eliot and Roger Williams ministered to the Indians in New England in the 17th century, Protestant churches lagged behind the Roman Catholics in missionary initiative. Kino and Serra established missionaries in northern Mexico and Baja California as well as some in southern Arizona. The missions in Africa, was somewhat successful because they had to compete with a already dominated Islamic culture. The wars in the 17th century, was mostly between the Protestants and the Catholic nations. This was showed in the Thirty Years War. The war consisted of Five phases and with the Treaty of Westphalia. The first phase, was the Bohemian Phase. The Bohemians roses in revolt and deposed the Habsburgs and crowned Frederick V, a Protestant as their King. Ferdinand II struck back, with his Spanish relatives and Catholic League, and with Lutheran Saxony. The Bohemians were defeated and Ferdinand wiped out Protestantism , in Germany. The Second Phase was the Palatinate phase. Frederick V and other Protestant rulers wanted to regain Rhenish Palatinate, but were defeated. The Third Phase, was the Danish Phase. The French, English and Dutch formed a league to stop the Catholic Habsburgs in Germany. They chose Christian of Dutch, a Protestant. They invaded Germany, but were defeated by Wallenstein and the Catholic League. The Fourth Phase was the Swedish Phase. Gustavus Adol...