Utilitarianism
Utilitarianism is a school of thought that is associated with the teachings and writings of Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. ... Utilitarianism presents utility, or the existence of pleasure and the absence of pain, as both the basis of everything that people desire, and as the foundation of morality. However, utilitarianism does not say that it is moral for people simply to pursue what makes them personally happy. ... Jeremy Bentham, the founder of utilitarianism, believed that individual rights were not that important. ... Utilitarianism is concerned almost exclusively about consequences, not intentions. ... By concentrating exclusively on consequences, utilitarianism makes the moral worth of our actions a matter of luck.