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Locke’s primary belief that all men are equal is the basis of the whole essay. He emphasizes this throughout the whole treatise be it discussing paternal power, political power or civil society. According to Locke, all humans were born equal and originally lived in a state of Nature and of perfect freedom. There also exists a law of Nature, which governs the peace and preservation of all humans, and the “execution of the law of Nature is in that state put into every man’s hands”, where everyone has the power to punish anyone who goes against this law.
Locke also believes that it is only right that a person be allowed to defend himself from an enemy who, although has done no harm, has designs on his property or life. This is what Locke terms as a state of war, as the aggressor’s actions show that he means to challenge another’s freedom. ... This condition is insecure and full of dangers, hence causing man to join in a community for “the mutual preservation of their lives, liberties and estates” which Locke collectively terms as property. ... The legislative and executive bodies chosen to rule over the people do not actually have more rights than the people and the community has the right to remove any government which no longer functions for their benefit. Thus, Locke believes that the ultimate power lies with the people.
Approximate Word count = 1167
Approximate Pages = 4.7
(250 words per page double spaced)
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