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A Critical Evaluation of the Evidence Supporting the Role of Physical Activity in Cancer Prevention
Introduction
In order to achieve optimal weight, a balance between energy output and energy input is required. ... ：Obesity is thought to increase the overall risk of cancer by 25% in men and 37% in women. ... 700)
Participation in physical activity is one way of stabilising the energy balance by increasing the energy output, and consequently reducing the amount of excess energy being stored as fat. Physical activity, according to Kent (1998, p. ... ・
：Prevention is defined as reduction of cancer via reduction in the incidence of cancer.； (National Cancer Institute; Cancer prevention overview, 12/12/02) There has been a lot of research into the causes and prevention・s for cancer, however each study is slightly different and has limitations, which should be considered before evaluating the research.
：The term ．Cancer・ refers to a group of diseases in which cells grow and spread unrestrained throughout the body.； (National Cancer Institute; Understanding Cancer, 12/12/02).
Although current research suggests that physical activity protects against certain cancer types, there is no concrete evidence that proves this or states the exact mechanism or process that takes place to achieve protection.
More experimental research in both animal models and in human clinical
studies is needed to understand the basic biological mechanisms
underlying the effect of physical activity on cancer. In general, physical
activity is associated with reduced risk of cancer development, yet to date,
the mechanisms remain unknown. ... 1834)
The aim of this essay was therefore to critically evaluate the evidence supporting the role of physical activity in cancer prevention.
Main Body
In the United Kingdom, the four most common cancers are: Lung, bowel (colorectal), breast and prostate cancer. (Marie Curie Cancer Care; Cancer Information, 2003) Breast cancer is thought to be strongly linked to a group of hormones known as oestrogen・s.
Approximate Word count = 1515
Approximate Pages = 6.1
(250 words per page double spaced)
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