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INTRODUCTION In this experiment, one of the major routes under which electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions occur was carried out. In this specific case, we dealt with electrophilic halogenation. We concentrated on the influence of the acetamido group on the bromination of acetanilide. Aromatic compounds are compounds in which the constituent atoms, or any part of them, form a ring. Numerous compounds contain rings of carbon atoms (carbocyclic compound's) or carbon atoms plus one or more atoms of other types such as nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. The ring also contains conjugated double bonds in a closed loop in which there are 4n + 2 (where n is an integer) delocalised &pi electrons. An electrophilic aromatic substitution is the addition of an electrophile on an aromatic ring. The electrophile is bromine in this case. The electrophilic attack gives a benzene cation that is resonance-stabilized. Resonance is the sharing, or the delocalization of electrons between the atoms of a molecule; it also helps spread the charge over the surface of a molecule. Ring activating substituents increase electrophilicity at ortho and para positions. In this experiment, the bromine group is an activating group. A catalyst is also used in this lab, which is ferric chloride. A catalyst is a substance that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected. A monosubstitution is also done in this experiment; which means that there is the addition (or attachment) of only one group on the aromatic ring.
Approximate Word count = 900
Approximate Pages = 3.6
(250 words per page double spaced)
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