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Turkey is one of the more seismically active areas in Europe as has been graphically demonstrated by the Marmara earthquake in August 1999. Marmara was one of the largest earthquakes to strike a modern, industrialized area in recent history. ... There are many different types of earthquakes: tectonic, volcanic, and explosion. ... The most common are tectonic earthquakes. ... Another type,volcanic earthquakes, occur in conjunction with volcanic activity. Collapse earthquakes are small earthquakes in underground caverns and mines, and explosion earthquakes result from the explosion of nuclear and chemical devices.
The tectonic plates theory is a starting point for understanding the forces within the Earth that cause earthquakes. ... Ninety percent of the worlds earthquakes occur along plate boundaries where the rocks are usually weaker and yield more readily to stress than do the rocks within a plate. ... Most, if not all, earthquakes are caused by rapid movement along faults. ... While Californias quakes result from the intersection of two plates, Turkey and the Anatolian Plate are being squeezed by three: the Eurasian, Arabian and African plates. ...
The large earthquakes that have occurred along the North Anatolian fault since 1939 progressed westward towards Istanbul like a line of falling dominoes. ... Nafi Toksoz, a Turkish-born MIT professor of geophysics and seismology who has studied earthquakes in Turkey since 1971, told the Globe that data from global positioning system receivers on the fault showed that "this was the region where most of the stresses were accumulating.
Approximate Word count = 1018
Approximate Pages = 4.1
(250 words per page double spaced)
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