|
|
This is only a preview of the paper
Click here to register and get the full text.
Existing members click here to login
|
|
|
Circulatory System
I Introduction
Circulatory System, or cardiovascular system, in humans, the combined function of the heart, blood, and blood vessels to transport oxygen and nutrients to organs and tissues throughout the body and carry away waste products. Among its vital functions, the circulatory system increases the flow of blood to meet increased energy demands during exercise and regulates body temperature. In addition, when foreign substances or organisms invade the body, the circulatory system swiftly conveys disease-fighting elements of the immune system, such as white blood cells and antibodies, to regions under attack. Also, in the case of injury or bleeding, the circulatory system sends clotting cells and proteins to the affected site, which quickly stop bleeding and promote healing.
II Components of the Circulatory System
The heart, blood, and blood vessels are the three structural elements that make up the circulatory system. The heart is the engine of the circulatory system. ... The contraction of the left ventricle sends blood into the aorta, completing the circulatory loop. ...
C Additional Functions
In addition to oxygen, the circulatory system also transports nutrients derived from digested food to the body. ...
The circulatory system plays an important role in regulating body temperature. ...
The circulatory system works in tandem with the endocrine system, a collection of hormone-producing glands. ...
The circulatory system also works with the immune system and the coagulation system. The immune system is a complex system of many types of cells that work together to combat diseases and infections. Disease-fighting white blood cells and antibodies circulate in the blood and are transported to sites of infection by the circulatory system. The coagulation system is composed of special blood cells, called platelets, and special proteins, called clotting factors, that circulate in the blood. Whenever blood vessels are cut or torn, the coagulation system works rapidly to stop the bleeding by forming clots.
Other organs support the circulatory system. The brain and other parts of the nervous system constantly monitor blood circulation, sending signals to the heart or blood vessels to maintain constant blood pressure. ... Higher blood pressures that are sustained over a long period of time may indicate hypertension, a damaging circulatory condition. ...
IV Circulatory System Disorders
Disorders of the circulatory system include any injury or disease that damages the heart, the blood, or the blood vessels. The three most important circulatory diseases are hypertension, arteriosclerosis, and atherosclerosis. ... These blood clots can also break free and travel through the circulatory system until they become lodged somewhere else and reduce blood flow there (see Embolism). ...
V Circulatory Systems in Nonhumans
One-celled organisms and many simple multicelled animals, such as sponges, jellyfishes, sea anemones, flatworms, and roundworms, do not have a circulatory system. ...
More complex invertebrates have a wide range of circulatory system designs. These invertebrate circulatory systems are classified as either open or closed. ... In closed systems, the blood is confined to a system of blood vessels. ...
All vertebrate animals have closed circulatory systems.
Approximate Word count = 2805
Approximate Pages = 11.2
(250 words per page double spaced)
|
|
|
|
|
|