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Rate of reaction
Aim:
The aim of this investigation is to find out and observe how temperature affects the rate of reaction. ...
Prior Knowledge/Research:
The rate of reaction is the speed or velocity at which a chemical reaction precedes, expressed in terms of the amount of product formed or the amount of unitīs time taken for a certain reaction to occur (usually in seconds). Thus for the reaction of two compounds (in this case X and Y) that form a product (Z) the equation would be:
X+Y=Z
The Rate of Reaction varies greatly. ... The rate of reaction can be affected by a number of factors: temperature, concentration and pressure, adding a catalyst, surface area/particle size and light. ...
For a reaction to take place reagent molecules must collide with each other. When they do so, they must possess enough energy to cause or initiate a reaction. The level of energy needed to start a reaction is called its energy barrier. The actual energy needed to start a reaction is the activation energy e. ...
So in order to break the energy barrier, there has to be enough activation energy so the reaction will take place. Temperature helps to do this as increasing the temperature of the system increases the range of kinetic energies, increases the average kinetic energy and increases the population of particles with more than the activation energy
Reaction mixtures contain particles that have different amounts of energy. ... It is only these particles that can make the reaction occur taking into account that the activation is the minimum amount of energy needed for a reaction to occur. ...
The two theories that affect temperature and the rate of reaction are the kinetic theory and the collision theory. ...
Bringing the reactive sites closer together means that the likelihood of a reaction occurring is increased so in a final research conclusion, increasing the temperature increases the rate of reaction speed.
Prediction:
As I explained earlier, the rate of a chemical reaction is the speed at which it takes place. Temperature is a major factor in this as increasing or decreasing the temperature changes the movement of particles in a substance therefore changing the rate of reaction. When a reaction mixture is heated up, each particle in it acquires more energy and collides more with other particles.
Thus, from my prior knowledge and research, I can make the prediction that if you increase the temperature of a particular reaction, you increase the speed at which it takes place. ...
The reaction therefore becomes faster
Collisions between particles are useless unless they break the energy barrier and this is exactly what increasing the temperature will allow them to do. ... I now placed the flask over the paper, which had a black cross on it that I had drawn earlier.
The stop clock was started immediately to make results more accurate and the time in seconds for the cross to disappear was recorded in a table like the one below. ...
Observation
All rate of reaction experiment have visible results and this experiment is no exception. ... I did not see any gas given off or any vigorousness in the actual reaction. ...
Results:
I have decided to record my results in a table with a graph that is on a separate piece of graph paper:
Temperature( C) Time For Cross To Disappear Average
1 2 3 4
R.
Approximate Word count = 2699
Approximate Pages = 10.8
(250 words per page double spaced)
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