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I decided to do my report on carbohydrate metabolism. I chose this topic because one of the most common diseases associated with this is Diabetes Mellitus. I chose this topic also because a lot of my family members have had this disease. Some background information on diabetes- it is one of the most common disease in the United States. An estimated twenty million people, one out of seventeen have this disease. It’s the lead cause of blindness in adults, end stage kidney disease, and amputations in the United States. Diabetes mellitus is not the only disease that causes abnormal carbohydrate metabolism. Pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, cystic fibrosis, and hemochromatosis also cause this metabolism abnormality. In short any disease that impairs the pancreas’s ability to function properly/ normally causes an abnormal carbohydrate metabolism. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition associated with abnormally high levels of sugar in the blood. This means that the person’s cells are failing to absorb the sugar in the blood, so it just stays circulating in the blood stream. Glucose(sugar) is essential for cells it provides them with energy. The reason cells can’t absorb the glucose circulating in the blood stream is because there is an insulin deficiency. Insulin gives cells the ability to let glucose pass through their membrane. You could say insulin unlocks the door of the cell to let the glucose in. Persons with diabetes don’t produce enough if any insulin. That’s why diabetics have high levels of sugar in their blood. The organ that synthesizes insulin is the pancreas. The pancreas control the amount of insulin produced and the amount released into the blood stream. Diabetes mellitus is caused by damage or a deficiency of this organ. There are two types of diabetes mellitus. The first type of diabetes mellitus is called type one. Type one is an autoimmune disease. The person’s immune system attacks their pancreas. The immune system destroys the beta cells which are found in tiny multi-cellular structures called islets of Langerhans in the pancreas.
Approximate Word count = 1275
Approximate Pages = 5.1
(250 words per page double spaced)
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