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Real Numbers These are rational and irrational numbers. Rational Numbers These will always have terminating or recurring decimals. This means they can always be turned into a fraction. Irrational Numbers These can not be turned into a fraction. They are non-terminating. Integers These are whole positive or negative numbers (-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3). Prime Numbers These are numbers with only TWO factors, itself and 1. Square Numbers These numbers are formed by a number multiplied by itself (1, 4, 9, 16...). Fractions show a number in relation to how many parts there are. They are mostly used to show a number smaller than 1. However, whole numbers can be expressed as fractions as well. You can easily use fractions on most new calculators. However, you should still understand how they work. A Fraction is expressed as: numerator / denominator Addition You have to have a common denominator (this is most easily done by multiplying the two denominators together but remember to do the same to the numerator). 1/3 + 2/5 = 5/15 + 6/15 = 11/15 Subtraction Same method as with addition. 1/2 - 1/3 = 3/6 - 2/6 = 1/6 Multiplication Here you just multiply the numerators together and the denominators together. 1/4 × 1 1/2 = 1/4 × 3/2 = 3/8 Division To do this you have to turn the divisor upside down. Then you multiply. 2 1/4 ÷ 1/4 = 9/4 ÷ 1/4 = 9/4 × 4/1 = 36/4 = 9 Decimals are the part of the number which come after the decimal point. This part of a number shows a part of a whole or 1. You must be comfortable using them as they are used all the time. Examples: 0.1 is the same as 1/10 0.01 is the same as 1/100 0.001 is the same as 1/1000 0.243 is the same as 234/1000 0.002 is the same as 2/1000 2.0 is the same as 2/1 Terminating Decimals These are decimals which end straight away (1.5, 0.1234, 1.2345). Non-Terminating Decimals These are numbers which have decimals which do not stop. These include numbers such as PI or recurring decimals like a third. Decimal Places Decimals may not be very short. Many answers may give a long string of decimal places which don't seem to end. Questions in an exam may ask you to give answers to a specific degree of accuracy. For example: If x = 12.3456789 x to 4 significant figures is 12.35 x to 4 decimal places is 12.3457 Ratios compare two or more quantities which are in the same units.
Approximate Word count = 1714
Approximate Pages = 6.9
(250 words per page double spaced)
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