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Aim: - Investigate a variable that affects the rate of reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. I am going to investigate how the strength of the hydrochloric acid affects the rate at which the products are given off between the acid and the calcium carbonate. Preliminary Work: - For my preliminary work I looked at the products of 0.25M and 2M hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate. Since the variable is the strength of the acid I kept everything else the same to ensure it was a fair test. I used 10cm3 of each acid measured in a measuring cylinder, a marble chip that weighed 0.7g and I measured the rate of the reaction by seeing how much carbon dioxide was being given off every 30 seconds for four minutes. To find out how much carbon dioxide was given off I used a measuring cylinder full of water and when carbon dioxide was given off it would rise to the top of the cylinder and I could measure the amount given off by seeing how much carbon dioxide was given off. I used the same amount of acid (10cm3) but I found this was not enough to cover some of the whole pieces of marble chip and this would not be fair in my actual experiment because the marble chip would not have the same surface area for a reaction to take place between it and the acid so in my actual experiment I will use 20cm3. Also when I was carrying out the experiment I found that I did not have accurate enough results because the measuring cylinder that the carbon dioxide was measured in was too big so in the experiment I will use a measuring cylinder that measures to 0.1cm3. This will make my results more accurate. Also with the weaker acids I found that no Carbon dioxide was given off unless we shook the acid and marble chip. So in my practical I will constantly shake the acid and marble chip. 0.25M Time (secs) 0 30 60 90 120 *150 180 210 240 270 300 Volume of Co2 (cm3) 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.5 2.2 3.4 6 8 *Started shaking here 2M Time(secs) 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 Volume of CO2 (cm3) 0 4 8 10 15 20 25 30 35 38 40 Prediction: - I predict that as the strength of the hydrochloric solution increases so does the amount of carbon dioxide making the reaction quicker. This will occur because the particles in the stronger acids have more energy because they have a higher concentration of acid particles so there will be more collisions and the reaction will take place faster. For a chemical reaction to take place, some bonds in the reactants must be broken. The colliding particles must have enough energy to break these bonds. This minimum amount of energy is called the activation energy.
Approximate Word count = 1926
Approximate Pages = 7.7
(250 words per page double spaced)
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