Are social role and evolutionary explanations of sex differences Archer 1996 compatible
Are social role and evolutionary explanations of sex differences (Archer 1996) compatible? This essay aims to shed new light on the contrasting theories devised to explain sex differences in behaviour. It will begin by exploring both the Evolutionary and Social Role theories, presenting definitions, and examining predictions concerning the criteria men and women use in selecting mates. ... And finally will conclude by answering the primary research question; Are social role and evolutionary explanations of sex differences (Archer 1996) compatible? Theories known as ‘Origin Theories’ address the causes of sex differences at a basic or ultimate level. Both Social role and Evolutionary theory can be considered as origin theories as they centre on these levels. These theories begin with a basic cause and end with sex-differentiated behaviour, with physiological, social and biological processes serving as mediators between these points. Social role theory suggests that sex differences, observed in social behaviour, can be accounted for by the relative societal positions of women and men- their division of labour in homemakers and full-time paid employees. Furthermore that these occupational differences bring with them expectations related to acceptable and advantageous behaviour.