|
|
This is only a preview of the paper
Click here to register and get the full text.
Existing members click here to login
|
|
|
...
The enzyme catalase is found in almost all living cells and stops highly toxic hydrogen peroxide from accumulating within the cells. In this lab catalase will be retrieved from the skin of potatoes and used to catalyze hydrogen peroxide. Since hydrogen is a powerful oxidizing agent, it is good to remove it from living organisms.
catalase
2H2O2 -----------à 2H20 + O2
This equation shows how catalase reduces highly toxic hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen, which are not harmful to the organism. In chemical reactions involving enzymes, an intermediate is formed between the enzyme and the substrate, which in this case is hydrogen peroxide. ...
(Binding) (Release)
E + S ßà ES à E + P
E = Enzyme (Catalase)
S = Substrate (Hydrogen peroxide)
P = Products (Water and Oxygen)
The extent of product formation is determined as a function of time for a series of substrate concentrations (Berg 2002). The rate at which the substrate can bind to the enzyme can be determined by a range of environmental conditions such as changes in temperature, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, pH level, and the addition of inhibitors. ... The enzyme is now saturated with substrate, and the reaction rate becomes limited by the speed of the enzyme. This is known as enzyme kinetics and can be described by the Michaelis-Menten Equation:
V = Vmax [S] V = Velocity
[S] + Km [S] = Substrate Concentration
Vmax = Maximum Velocity
KM = [S] where V = ½ Vmax (Affinity an enzyme has for its substrate)
KM is the Michaelis constant and is very important in understanding enzyme kinetics. A high KM indicates the enzyme is bound weakly to the substrate, a low KM indicates strong binding. ...
1 = KM x 1 + 1
V Vmax [S] Vmax
The Vmax and the KM may be determined from the Lineweaver-Burke plot without completely saturating the enzyme. The objective of this lab is to measure the KM and Vmax of the enzyme Catalase and to learn about the alteration of the enzymes function by varying environmental conditions.
Approximate Word count = 1475
Approximate Pages = 5.9
(250 words per page double spaced)
|
|
|
|
|
|