Nobel Prize
Artificial Life Before dying of a brain hemorrhage in 1896, Alfred Nobel created his will to establish the Nobel Prize (Wu). ... The Nobel Foundation awards the prize to people who make significant discoveries and achievements in various areas. One of the categories, known as medicine and physiology was written in Nobel’s will in the following manner: "…The whole of my remaining realizable estate shall be dealt with in the following way: The capital shall be invested by my executors in safe securities and shall constitute a fund, the interest on which shall be annually distributed in the form of prizes to those who, during the preceding year, shall have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind . ... (Lindsten and Ringertz) The procedure for choosing the prize is carried out by the Nobel Assembly. They first appoint a Nobel Committee, which does extensive research before choosing their nominees, which are then presented in front of the Nobel Assembly. Finally, the prize is presented in Stockholm Center on December 10th every year (Karoliniska). In the category of Medicine and Physiology, the prizes have ranged from Emil von Behring in 1901, as the first recipient, for his work on serum therapy, to the prize awarded in 2002 to three different scientists for their discoveries concerning genetic regulation of organ development and programmed cell death (Nobel Prizes). Born in 1854, Emil von Behring was to become the first recipient of the Nobel Prize in the category of Physiology/Medicine. ... Sulston were awarded the prize. ... According to 97% of living Nobel Prize winners in Medicine/Physiology, animal experiments are vital to the discovery of medical advances (Why Survey Lauretes? ... Thus, the nominees for this year’s prize shall be those who have demonstrated their contributions to this new emerging field. The first nominee for this prize is Dr. ... The second nominee for the Nobel Prize in Medicine/Physiology is Dr. ... Jonas Frisen, both of who are scientists at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden, are the final candidates for this prize.